Hello Jordan. Strictly speaking, raw nuts do not mandatory require soaking to be edible or safe, but soaking them is a wonderful culinary and digestive practice. Soaking helps reduce phytic acid and enzyme inhibitors, which can make nuts noticeably easier on the stomach, improve mineral absorption, and strip away bitter tannins for a much cleaner flavor.
Different nuts require different soaking durations based on their density and fat content. Here is a breakdown of the standard soaking times:
1. Almonds and Hazelnuts: 8 to 12 hours (or overnight). Almonds have dense skins and high enzyme inhibitor levels, making them benefit the most from an extended soak. Once soaked, their skins slip off effortlessly if you prefer blanched almonds.
2. Walnuts and Pecans: 4 to 8 hours. These have softer meat and high tannin levels. Soaking draws out the bitterness from walnut skins, leaving them tasting rich and sweet.
3. Brazil Nuts: 6 to 8 hours. Their dense texture benefits from a medium soak, though their high oil content means they should not sit longer than 8 hours.
4. Cashews, Macadamias, and Pine Nuts: 2 to 4 hours. These are soft, high-fat nuts. If you leave them in water for too long, they will become unpleasantly mushy and slimy. If you are making a quick cashew cream or sauce, 2 hours is plenty.
5. Pistachios: 4 to 6 hours, provided they are raw and unsalted.
For best results, submerge your nuts in plenty of room-temperature water with a pinch of sea salt. Once the soaking time is up, always discard the soaking water and rinse the nuts thoroughly under fresh cold water.
Keep in mind that soaked nuts absorb moisture and will spoil rapidly at room temperature. If you are not tossing them directly into a weeknight dish, store them in a sealed container in the refrigerator for up to 3 to 4 days, or dry them thoroughly in your oven on its lowest setting before storing.