Hello! The core sauce used in authentic Pad Thai is a tamarind-based sauce that relies on a balance of three primary flavor profiles: sour, salty, and sweet.
The three essential ingredients you need for a traditional Pad Thai sauce are:
1. Tamarind paste (or tamarind concentrate): This provides the distinct, tangy sour flavor that gives Pad Thai its signature taste.
2. Fish sauce: This provides the essential salty and rich umami flavor.
3. Palm sugar: This supplies the sweetness that balances out the sharp tamarind and salty fish sauce. If palm sugar is unavailable, dark brown sugar or coconut sugar works very well as a substitute.
To make a quick weeknight sauce, combine equal parts tamarind paste, fish sauce, and sugar (for instance, two tablespoons of each) in a small saucepan over low heat until the sugar dissolves completely. Taste and adjust to your liking—if you want more sourness, add a bit more tamarind; for extra warmth, stir in a pinch of red chili flakes.