Replicating that classic fast-food fried chicken profile on a tight grocery budget comes down to a few fundamental food science principles: a proper buttermilk substitute brine, the right starch ratio, the distinct 11-spice balance with white pepper and MSG, and strict oil temperature management.
For the brine, you do not need expensive buttermilk. In a large bowl, whisk together 2 cups of regular whole milk and 2 tablespoons of white vinegar or lemon juice. Let it sit for 5 minutes to curdle, then stir in 1 tablespoon of kosher salt and a few dashes of hot sauce or pickle juice. Submerge your drumsticks in this mixture, cover, and let them rest in the refrigerator for at least 2 hours, or ideally overnight. This tenderizes the meat thoroughly.
For the dry dredge, the ideal ratio is roughly six parts all-purpose flour to one part cornstarch. Mix 3 cups of standard all-purpose flour with 1/2 cup of cornstarch. The cornstarch lowers the overall gluten content, creating a shatteringly crisp crust rather than a heavy, bready coating.
For the spice blend, the true secret to authentic fast-food flavor is white pepper and MSG. Combine the following pantry spices directly into your flour-cornstarch mixture:
2 tablespoons paprika
1 tablespoon garlic powder
1 tablespoon onion powder
1 tablespoon ground white pepper
1 teaspoon ground black pepper
1 teaspoon dried thyme
1 teaspoon dried oregano
1 teaspoon celery salt
1 teaspoon ground mustard powder
1 tablespoon fine salt
1 teaspoon monosodium glutamate (MSG, sold inexpensively as Accent)
For the double-dredge method, beat one egg directly into the leftover brine liquid to create your wet dip. Remove a drumstick from the brine, let excess drip off, and bury it completely in the seasoned flour. Shake off the excess, dip it back into the wet mixture for two seconds, and return it to the dry flour. Press the flour firmly onto the meat, then gently lift and shake it to create rough, shaggy ridges. Set the coated drumsticks on a wire rack for 10 minutes before frying; this helps the coating hydrate and cling to the chicken during cooking.
For frying in your cast iron Dutch oven, fill it halfway with neutral oil such as canola, vegetable, or peanut oil. Heat the oil to 350 degrees Fahrenheit (175 degrees Celsius). Gently lower 3 to 4 drumsticks into the oil at a time. The temperature will drop; adjust your heat to maintain frying temperature between 315 and 325 degrees Fahrenheit.
Fry the drumsticks for 12 to 14 minutes, turning them once or twice for even browning, until the internal temperature reaches at least 175 degrees Fahrenheit at the thickest part of the bone. Transfer the cooked chicken to an elevated wire rack rather than paper towels so steam does not soften the bottom crust. Let it rest for 5 minutes before serving.